ICU 56.1: uspoof.h File Reference

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uspoof.h File Reference

Unicode Security and Spoofing Detection, C API. More...

`#include "unicode/utypes.h"`
`#include "unicode/uset.h"`
`#include "unicode/parseerr.h"`
`#include "unicode/localpointer.h"`
`#include "unicode/unistr.h"`
`#include "unicode/uniset.h"`

Go to the source code of this file.

## Namespaces
| icu
| File coll.h.

## Typedefs
typedef struct USpoofChecker | USpoofChecker
| typedef for C of USpoofChecker
typedef enum USpoofChecks | USpoofChecks
| Enum for the kinds of checks that USpoofChecker can perform. More...
typedef enum URestrictionLevel | URestrictionLevel
| Constants from UAX #39 for use in setRestrictionLevel(), and for returned identifier restriction levels in check results. More...

## Enumerations
enum | USpoofChecks { USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE = 1, USPOOF_MIXED_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE = 2, USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE = 4, USPOOF_ANY_CASE = 8, USPOOF_RESTRICTION_LEVEL = 16, USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT = USPOOF_RESTRICTION_LEVEL, USPOOF_INVISIBLE = 32, USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT = 64, USPOOF_MIXED_NUMBERS = 128, USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS = 0xFFFF, USPOOF_AUX_INFO = 0x40000000 }
| Enum for the kinds of checks that USpoofChecker can perform. More...
enum | URestrictionLevel { USPOOF_ASCII = 0x10000000, USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_RESTRICTIVE = 0x20000000, USPOOF_HIGHLY_RESTRICTIVE = 0x30000000, USPOOF_MODERATELY_RESTRICTIVE = 0x40000000, USPOOF_MINIMALLY_RESTRICTIVE = 0x50000000, USPOOF_UNRESTRICTIVE = 0x60000000, USPOOF_RESTRICTION_LEVEL_MASK = 0x7F000000 }
| Constants from UAX #39 for use in setRestrictionLevel(), and for returned identifier restriction levels in check results. More...

## Functions
USpoofChecker * | uspoof_open (UErrorCode *status)
| Create a Unicode Spoof Checker, configured to perform all checks except for USPOOF_LOCALE_LIMIT and USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT. More...
USpoofChecker * | uspoof_openFromSerialized (const void *data, int32_t length, int32_t *pActualLength, UErrorCode *pErrorCode)
| Open a Spoof checker from its serialized form, stored in 32-bit-aligned memory. More...
USpoofChecker * | uspoof_openFromSource (const char *confusables, int32_t confusablesLen, const char *confusablesWholeScript, int32_t confusablesWholeScriptLen, int32_t *errType, UParseError *pe, UErrorCode *status)
| Open a Spoof Checker from the source form of the spoof data. More...
void | uspoof_close (USpoofChecker *sc)
| Close a Spoof Checker, freeing any memory that was being held by its implementation. More...
USpoofChecker * | uspoof_clone (const USpoofChecker *sc, UErrorCode *status)
| Clone a Spoof Checker. More...
void | uspoof_setChecks (USpoofChecker *sc, int32_t checks, UErrorCode *status)
| Specify the set of checks that will be performed by the check functions of this Spoof Checker. More...
int32_t | uspoof_getChecks (const USpoofChecker *sc, UErrorCode *status)
| Get the set of checks that this Spoof Checker has been configured to perform. More...
void | uspoof_setRestrictionLevel (USpoofChecker *sc, URestrictionLevel restrictionLevel)
| Set the loosest restriction level allowed. More...
URestrictionLevel | uspoof_getRestrictionLevel (const USpoofChecker *sc)
| Get the Restriction Level that will be tested if the checks include RESTRICTION_LEVEL. More...
void | uspoof_setAllowedLocales (USpoofChecker *sc, const char *localesList, UErrorCode *status)
| Limit characters that are acceptable in identifiers being checked to those normally used with the languages associated with the specified locales. More...
const char * | uspoof_getAllowedLocales (USpoofChecker *sc, UErrorCode *status)
| Get a list of locales for the scripts that are acceptable in strings to be checked. More...
void | uspoof_setAllowedChars (USpoofChecker *sc, const USet *chars, UErrorCode *status)
| Limit the acceptable characters to those specified by a Unicode Set. More...
const USet * | uspoof_getAllowedChars (const USpoofChecker *sc, UErrorCode *status)
| Get a USet for the characters permitted in an identifier. More...
void | uspoof_setAllowedUnicodeSet (USpoofChecker *sc, const icu::UnicodeSet *chars, UErrorCode *status)
| Limit the acceptable characters to those specified by a Unicode Set. More...
const icu::UnicodeSet * | uspoof_getAllowedUnicodeSet (const USpoofChecker *sc, UErrorCode *status)
| Get a UnicodeSet for the characters permitted in an identifier. More...
int32_t | uspoof_check (const USpoofChecker *sc, const UChar *id, int32_t length, int32_t *position, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the specified string for possible security issues. More...
int32_t | uspoof_checkUTF8 (const USpoofChecker *sc, const char *id, int32_t length, int32_t *position, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the specified string for possible security issues. More...
int32_t | uspoof_checkUnicodeString (const USpoofChecker *sc, const icu::UnicodeString &id, int32_t *position, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the specified string for possible security issues. More...
int32_t | uspoof_areConfusable (const USpoofChecker *sc, const UChar *id1, int32_t length1, const UChar *id2, int32_t length2, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable. More...
int32_t | uspoof_areConfusableUTF8 (const USpoofChecker *sc, const char *id1, int32_t length1, const char *id2, int32_t length2, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable. More...
int32_t | uspoof_areConfusableUnicodeString (const USpoofChecker *sc, const icu::UnicodeString &s1, const icu::UnicodeString &s2, UErrorCode *status)
| Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable. More...
int32_t | uspoof_getSkeleton (const USpoofChecker *sc, uint32_t type, const UChar *id, int32_t length, UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity, UErrorCode *status)
| Get the "skeleton" for an identifier. More...
int32_t | uspoof_getSkeletonUTF8 (const USpoofChecker *sc, uint32_t type, const char *id, int32_t length, char *dest, int32_t destCapacity, UErrorCode *status)
| Get the "skeleton" for an identifier. More...
U_I18N_API icu::UnicodeString & | uspoof_getSkeletonUnicodeString (const USpoofChecker *sc, uint32_t type, const icu::UnicodeString &id, icu::UnicodeString &dest, UErrorCode *status)
| Get the "skeleton" for an identifier. More...
const USet * | uspoof_getInclusionSet (UErrorCode *status)
| Get the set of Candidate Characters for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Candidate_Characters_for_Inclusion_in_Identifiers. More...
const USet * | uspoof_getRecommendedSet (UErrorCode *status)
| Get the set of characters from Recommended Scripts for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Recommended_Scripts. More...
const icu::UnicodeSet * | uspoof_getInclusionUnicodeSet (UErrorCode *status)
| Get the set of Candidate Characters for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Candidate_Characters_for_Inclusion_in_Identifiers. More...
const icu::UnicodeSet * | uspoof_getRecommendedUnicodeSet (UErrorCode *status)
| Get the set of characters from Recommended Scripts for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Recommended_Scripts. More...
int32_t | uspoof_serialize (USpoofChecker *sc, void *data, int32_t capacity, UErrorCode *status)
| Serialize the data for a spoof detector into a chunk of memory. More...

## Detailed Description

Unicode Security and Spoofing Detection, C API.

These functions are intended to check strings, typically identifiers of some type, such as URLs, for the presence of characters that are likely to be visually confusing - for cases where the displayed form of an identifier may not be what it appears to be.

Unicode Technical Report #36, http://unicode.org/reports/tr36, and Unicode Technical Standard #39, http://unicode.org/reports/tr39 "Unicode security considerations", give more background on security an spoofing issues with Unicode identifiers. The tests and checks provided by this module implement the recommendations from those Unicode documents.

The tests available on identifiers fall into two general categories:

1. Single identifier tests. Check whether an identifier is potentially confusable with any other string, or is suspicious for other reasons.
2. Two identifier tests. Check whether two specific identifiers are confusable. This does not consider whether either of strings is potentially confusable with any string other than the exact one specified.

The steps to perform confusability testing are

1. Open a USpoofChecker.
2. Configure the USPoofChecker for the desired set of tests. The tests that will be performed are specified by a set of USpoofChecks flags.
3. Perform the checks using the pre-configured USpoofChecker. The results indicate which (if any) of the selected tests have identified possible problems with the identifier. Results are reported as a set of USpoofChecks flags; this mirrors the form in which the set of tests to perform was originally specified to the USpoofChecker.

A USpoofChecker may be used repeatedly to perform checks on any number of identifiers.

Thread Safety: The test functions for checking a single identifier, or for testing whether two identifiers are possible confusable, are thread safe. They may called concurrently, from multiple threads, using the same USpoofChecker instance.

More generally, the standard ICU thread safety rules apply: functions that take a const USpoofChecker parameter are thread safe. Those that take a non-const USpoofChecier are not thread safe.

Descriptions of the available checks.

When testing whether pairs of identifiers are confusable, with the uspoof_areConfusable() family of functions, the relevant tests are

1. USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE: All of the characters from the two identifiers are from a single script, and the two identifiers are visually confusable.
2. USPOOF_MIXED_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE: At least one of the identifiers contains characters from more than one script, and the two identifiers are visually confusable.
3. USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE: Each of the two identifiers is of a single script, but the two identifiers are from different scripts, and they are visually confusable.

The safest approach is to enable all three of these checks as a group.

USPOOF_ANY_CASE is a modifier for the above tests. If the identifiers being checked can be of mixed case and are used in a case-sensitive manner, this option should be specified.

If the identifiers being checked are used in a case-insensitive manner, and if they are displayed to users in lower-case form only, the USPOOF_ANY_CASE option should not be specified. Confusabality issues involving upper case letters will not be reported.

When performing tests on a single identifier, with the uspoof_check() family of functions, the relevant tests are:

1. USPOOF_MIXED_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE: the identifier contains characters from multiple scripts, and there exists an identifier of a single script that is visually confusable.
2. USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE: the identifier consists of characters from a single script, and there exists a visually confusable identifier. The visually confusable identifier also consists of characters from a single script. but not the same script as the identifier being checked.
3. USPOOF_ANY_CASE: modifies the mixed script and whole script confusables tests. If specified, the checks will consider confusable characters of any case. If this flag is not set, the test is performed assuming case folded identifiers.
4. USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT: check that the identifier contains only characters from a single script. (Characters from the 'common' and 'inherited' scripts are ignored.) This is not a test for confusable identifiers
5. USPOOF_INVISIBLE: check an identifier for the presence of invisible characters, such as zero-width spaces, or character sequences that are likely not to display, such as multiple occurrences of the same non-spacing mark. This check does not test the input string as a whole for conformance to any particular syntax for identifiers.
6. USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT: check that an identifier contains only characters from a specified set of acceptable characters. See uspoof_setAllowedChars() and uspoof_setAllowedLocales().

Note on Scripts: Characters from the Unicode Scripts "Common" and "Inherited" are ignored when considering the script of an identifier. Common characters include digits and symbols that are normally used with text from more than one script.

Identifier Skeletons: A skeleton is a transformation of an identifier, such that all identifiers that are confusable with each other have the same skeleton. Using skeletons, it is possible to build a dictionary data structure for a set of identifiers, and then quickly test whether a new identifier is confusable with an identifier already in the set. The uspoof_getSkeleton() family of functions will produce the skeleton from an identifier.

Note that skeletons are not guaranteed to be stable between versions of Unicode or ICU, so an applications should not rely on creating a permanent, or difficult to update, database of skeletons. Instabilities result from identifying new pairs or sequences of characters that are visually confusable, and thus must be mapped to the same skeleton character(s).

Skeletons are computed using the algorithm and data describe in Unicode UAX 39. The latest proposed update, UAX 39 Version 8 draft 1, says "the tables SL, SA, and ML were still problematic, and discouraged from use in [Uniocde] 7.0. They were thus removed from version 8.0"

In light of this, the default mapping data included with ICU 55 uses the Unicode 7 MA (Multi script Any case) table data for the other type options (Single Script, Any Case), (Single Script, Lower Case) and (Multi Script, Lower Case).

Definition in file uspoof.h.

## Typedef Documentation

typedef enum URestrictionLevel URestrictionLevel

Constants from UAX #39 for use in setRestrictionLevel(), and for returned identifier restriction levels in check results.

Stable:
  ICU 51

typedef enum USpoofChecks USpoofChecks

Enum for the kinds of checks that USpoofChecker can perform.

These enum values are used both to select the set of checks that will be performed, and to report results from the check function.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

## Enumeration Type Documentation

enum URestrictionLevel

Constants from UAX #39 for use in setRestrictionLevel(), and for returned identifier restriction levels in check results.

Stable:
  ICU 51

Enumerator
USPOOF_ASCII | Only ASCII characters: U+0000..U+007F. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_RESTRICTIVE | All characters in each identifier must be from a single script. Stable: ICU 53
USPOOF_HIGHLY_RESTRICTIVE | All characters in each identifier must be from a single script, or from the combinations: Latin + Han + Hiragana + Katakana; Latin + Han + Bopomofo; or Latin + Han + Hangul. Note that this level will satisfy the vast majority of Latin-script users; also that TR36 has ASCII instead of Latin. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_MODERATELY_RESTRICTIVE | Allow Latin with other scripts except Cyrillic, Greek, Cherokee Otherwise, the same as Highly Restrictive. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_MINIMALLY_RESTRICTIVE | Allow arbitrary mixtures of scripts. Otherwise, the same as Moderately Restrictive. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_UNRESTRICTIVE | Any valid identifiers, including characters outside of the Identifier Profile. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_RESTRICTION_LEVEL_MASK | Mask for selecting the Restriction Level bits from the return value of uspoof_check(). Stable: ICU 53

Definition at line 274 of file uspoof.h.

enum USpoofChecks

Enum for the kinds of checks that USpoofChecker can perform.

These enum values are used both to select the set of checks that will be performed, and to report results from the check function.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

Enumerator
USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE | Single script confusable test. When testing whether two identifiers are confusable, report that they are if both are from the same script and they are visually confusable. Note: this test is not applicable to a check of a single identifier.
USPOOF_MIXED_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE | Mixed script confusable test. When checking a single identifier, report a problem if the identifier contains multiple scripts, and is confusable with some other identifier in a single script When testing whether two identifiers are confusable, report that they are if the two IDs are visually confusable, and at least one contains characters from more than one script.
USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE | Whole script confusable test. When checking a single identifier, report a problem if The identifier is of a single script, and there exists a confusable identifier in another script. When testing whether two identifiers are confusable, report that they are if each is of a single script, the scripts of the two identifiers are different, and the identifiers are visually confusable.
USPOOF_ANY_CASE | Any Case Modifier for confusable identifier tests. If specified, consider all characters, of any case, when looking for confusables. If USPOOF_ANY_CASE is not specified, identifiers being checked are assumed to have been case folded. Upper case confusable characters will not be checked. Selects between Lower Case Confusable and Any Case Confusable.
USPOOF_RESTRICTION_LEVEL | Check that an identifier is no looser than the specified RestrictionLevel. The default if uspoof_setRestrctionLevel() is not called is HIGHLY_RESTRICTIVE. If USPOOF_AUX_INFO is enabled the actual restriction level of the identifier being tested will also be returned by uspoof_check(). See also URestrictionLevel uspoof_setRestrictionLevel USPOOF_AUX_INFO Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT | Check that an identifier contains only characters from a single script (plus chars from the common and inherited scripts.) Applies to checks of a single identifier check only. Deprecated: ICU 51 Use RESTRICTION_LEVEL instead.
USPOOF_INVISIBLE | Check an identifier for the presence of invisible characters, such as zero-width spaces, or character sequences that are likely not to display, such as multiple occurrences of the same non-spacing mark. This check does not test the input string as a whole for conformance to any particular syntax for identifiers.
USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT | Check that an identifier contains only characters from a specified set of acceptable characters. See uspoof_setAllowedChars() and uspoof_setAllowedLocales().
USPOOF_MIXED_NUMBERS | Check that an identifier does not include decimal digits from more than one numbering system. Stable: ICU 51
USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS | Enable all spoof checks. Stable: ICU 4.6
USPOOF_AUX_INFO | Enable the return of auxillary (non-error) information in the upper bits of the check results value. If this "check" is not enabled, the results of uspoof_check() will be zero when an identifier passes all of the enabled checks. If this "check" is enabled, (uspoof_check() & USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS) will be zero when an identifier passes all checks. Stable: ICU 51

Definition at line 162 of file uspoof.h.

## Function Documentation

int32_t uspoof_areConfusable | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const UChar * | id1,
|  | int32_t | length1,
|  | const UChar * | id2,
|  | int32_t | length2,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable.

The types of confusability to be tested - single script, mixed script, or whole script - are determined by the check options set for the USpoofChecker.

The tests to be performed are controlled by the flags USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE USPOOF_MIXED_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE At least one of these tests must be selected.

USPOOF_ANY_CASE is a modifier for the tests. Select it if the identifiers may be of mixed case. If identifiers are case folded for comparison and display to the user, do not select the USPOOF_ANY_CASE option.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  id1 | The first of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The strings are in UTF-16 format.
  length1 | the length of the first identifer, expressed in 16 bit UTF-16 code units, or -1 if the string is nul terminated.
  id2 | The second of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The identifiers are in UTF-16 format.
  length2 | The length of the second identifiers, expressed in 16 bit UTF-16 code units, or -1 if the string is nul terminated.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Confusability of the identifiers is not reported here, but through this function's return value.

Returns
  An integer value with bit(s) set corresponding to the type of confusability found, as defined by enum USpoofChecks. Zero is returned if the identifiers are not confusable.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_areConfusableUnicodeString | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const icu::UnicodeString & | s1,
|  | const icu::UnicodeString & | s2,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable.

The types of confusability to be tested - single script, mixed script, or whole script - are determined by the check options set for the USpoofChecker.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  s1 | The first of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The strings are in UTF-8 format.
  s2 | The second of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The strings are in UTF-8 format.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Confusability of the identifiers is not reported here, but through this function's return value.

Returns
  An integer value with bit(s) set corresponding to the type of confusability found, as defined by enum USpoofChecks. Zero is returned if the identifiers are not confusable.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_areConfusableUTF8 | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const char * | id1,
|  | int32_t | length1,
|  | const char * | id2,
|  | int32_t | length2,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the whether two specified strings are visually confusable.

The types of confusability to be tested - single script, mixed script, or whole script - are determined by the check options set for the USpoofChecker.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  id1 | The first of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The strings are in UTF-8 format.
  length1 | the length of the first identifiers, in bytes, or -1 if the string is nul terminated.
  id2 | The second of the two identifiers to be compared for confusability. The strings are in UTF-8 format.
  length2 | The length of the second string in bytes, or -1 if the string is nul terminated.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Confusability of the strings is not reported here, but through this function's return value.

Returns
  An integer value with bit(s) set corresponding to the type of confusability found, as defined by enum USpoofChecks. Zero is returned if the strings are not confusable.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_check | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const UChar * | id,
|  | int32_t | length,
|  | int32_t * | position,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the specified string for possible security issues.

The text to be checked will typically be an identifier of some sort. The set of checks to be performed is specified with uspoof_setChecks().

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  id | The identifier to be checked for possible security issues, in UTF-16 format.
  length | the length of the string to be checked, expressed in 16 bit UTF-16 code units, or -1 if the string is zero terminated.
  position | An out parameter. Originally, the index of the first string position that failed a check. Now, always returns zero. This parameter may be null.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Spoofing or security issues detected with the input string are not reported here, but through the function's return value.

Returns
  An integer value with bits set for any potential security or spoofing issues detected. The bits are defined by enum USpoofChecks. (returned_value & USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS) will be zero if the input string passes all of the enabled checks.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_checkUnicodeString | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const icu::UnicodeString & | id,
|  | int32_t * | position,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the specified string for possible security issues.

The text to be checked will typically be an identifier of some sort. The set of checks to be performed is specified with uspoof_setChecks().

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  id | A identifier to be checked for possible security issues.
  position | An out parameter. Originally, the index of the first string position that failed a check. Now, always returns zero. This parameter may be null.

Deprecated:
  ICU 51
  Parameters

    status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Spoofing or security issues detected with the input string are not reported here, but through the function's return value.

  Returns
    An integer value with bits set for any potential security or spoofing issues detected. The bits are defined by enum USpoofChecks. (returned_value & USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS) will be zero if the input string passes all of the enabled checks.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_checkUTF8 | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const char * | id,
|  | int32_t | length,
|  | int32_t * | position,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Check the specified string for possible security issues.

The text to be checked will typically be an identifier of some sort. The set of checks to be performed is specified with uspoof_setChecks().

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  id | A identifier to be checked for possible security issues, in UTF8 format.
  length | the length of the string to be checked, or -1 if the string is zero terminated.
  position | An out parameter. Originally, the index of the first string position that failed a check. Now, always returns zero. This parameter may be null.

Deprecated:
  ICU 51
  Parameters

    status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Spoofing or security issues detected with the input string are not reported here, but through the function's return value. If the input contains invalid UTF-8 sequences, a status of U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND will be returned.

  Returns
    An integer value with bits set for any potential security or spoofing issues detected. The bits are defined by enum USpoofChecks. (returned_value & USPOOF_ALL_CHECKS) will be zero if the input string passes all of the enabled checks.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

USpoofChecker* uspoof_clone | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Clone a Spoof Checker.

The clone will be set to perform the same checks as the original source.

Parameters

  sc | The source USpoofChecker
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_close | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc | ) |

Close a Spoof Checker, freeing any memory that was being held by its implementation.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

const USet* uspoof_getAllowedChars | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get a USet for the characters permitted in an identifier.

This corresponds to the limits imposed by the Set Allowed Characters functions. Limitations imposed by other checks will not be reflected in the set returned by this function.

The returned set will be frozen, meaning that it cannot be modified by the caller.

Ownership of the returned set remains with the Spoof Detector. The returned set will become invalid if the spoof detector is closed, or if a new set of allowed characters is specified.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns
  A USet containing the characters that are permitted by the USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT test.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

const char* uspoof_getAllowedLocales | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get a list of locales for the scripts that are acceptable in strings to be checked.

If no limitations on scripts have been specified, an empty string will be returned.

uspoof_setAllowedChars() will reset the list of allowed to be empty.

The format of the returned list is the same as that supplied to uspoof_setAllowedLocales(), but returned list may not be identical to the originally specified string; the string may be reformatted, and information other than languages from the originally specified locales may be omitted.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns
  A string containing a list of locales corresponding to the acceptable scripts, formatted like an HTTP Accept Language value.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

const icu::UnicodeSet* uspoof_getAllowedUnicodeSet | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get a UnicodeSet for the characters permitted in an identifier.

This corresponds to the limits imposed by the Set Allowed Characters / UnicodeSet functions. Limitations imposed by other checks will not be reflected in the set returned by this function.

The returned set will be frozen, meaning that it cannot be modified by the caller.

Ownership of the returned set remains with the Spoof Detector. The returned set will become invalid if the spoof detector is closed, or if a new set of allowed characters is specified.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns
  A UnicodeSet containing the characters that are permitted by the USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT test.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_getChecks | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get the set of checks that this Spoof Checker has been configured to perform.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns
  The set of checks that this spoof checker will perform. The value is a bit set, obtained by OR-ing together values from enum USpoofChecks.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

const USet* uspoof_getInclusionSet | ( | UErrorCode * | status | ) |

Get the set of Candidate Characters for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Candidate_Characters_for_Inclusion_in_Identifiers.

The returned set is frozen. Ownership of the set remains with the ICU library; it must not be deleted by the caller.

Parameters

  status | The error code, set if a problem occurs while creating the set.

Stable:
  ICU 51

const icu::UnicodeSet* uspoof_getInclusionUnicodeSet | ( | UErrorCode * | status | ) |

Get the set of Candidate Characters for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Candidate_Characters_for_Inclusion_in_Identifiers.

The returned set is frozen. Ownership of the set remains with the ICU library; it must not be deleted by the caller.

Parameters

  status | The error code, set if a problem occurs while creating the set.

Stable:
  ICU 51

const USet* uspoof_getRecommendedSet | ( | UErrorCode * | status | ) |

Get the set of characters from Recommended Scripts for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Recommended_Scripts.

The returned set is frozen. Ownership of the set remains with the ICU library; it must not be deleted by the caller.

Parameters

  status | The error code, set if a problem occurs while creating the set.

Stable:
  ICU 51

const icu::UnicodeSet* uspoof_getRecommendedUnicodeSet | ( | UErrorCode * | status | ) |

Get the set of characters from Recommended Scripts for Inclusion in Identifiers, as defined in Unicode UAX #31, http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/#Table_Recommended_Scripts.

The returned set is frozen. Ownership of the set remains with the ICU library; it must not be deleted by the caller.

Parameters

  status | The error code, set if a problem occurs while creating the set.

Stable:
  ICU 51

URestrictionLevel uspoof_getRestrictionLevel | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc | ) |

Get the Restriction Level that will be tested if the checks include RESTRICTION_LEVEL.

Returns
  The restriction level

See also
  URestrictionLevel

Stable:
  ICU 51

int32_t uspoof_getSkeleton | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | uint32_t | type,
|  | const UChar * | id,
|  | int32_t | length,
|  | UChar * | dest,
|  | int32_t | destCapacity,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get the "skeleton" for an identifier.

Skeletons are a transformation of the input identifier; Two identifiers are confusable if their skeletons are identical. See Unicode UAX #39 for additional information.

Using skeletons directly makes it possible to quickly check whether an identifier is confusable with any of some large set of existing identifiers, by creating an efficiently searchable collection of the skeletons.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  type | The type of skeleton, corresponding to which of the Unicode confusable data tables to use. The default is Mixed-Script, Lowercase. Allowed options are USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE and USPOOF_ANY_CASE. The two flags may be ORed.
  id | The input identifier whose skeleton will be computed.
  length | The length of the input identifier, expressed in 16 bit UTF-16 code units, or -1 if the string is zero terminated.
  dest | The output buffer, to receive the skeleton string.
  destCapacity | The length of the output buffer, in 16 bit units. The destCapacity may be zero, in which case the function will return the actual length of the skeleton.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check.

Returns
  The length of the skeleton string. The returned length is always that of the complete skeleton, even when the supplied buffer is too small (or of zero length)

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

U_I18N_API icu::UnicodeString& uspoof_getSkeletonUnicodeString | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | uint32_t | type,
|  | const icu::UnicodeString & | id,
|  | icu::UnicodeString & | dest,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get the "skeleton" for an identifier.

Skeletons are a transformation of the input identifier; Two identifiers are confusable if their skeletons are identical. See Unicode UAX #39 for additional information.

Using skeletons directly makes it possible to quickly check whether an identifier is confusable with any of some large set of existing identifiers, by creating an efficiently searchable collection of the skeletons.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker.
  type | The type of skeleton, corresponding to which of the Unicode confusable data tables to use. The default is Mixed-Script, Lowercase. Allowed options are USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE and USPOOF_ANY_CASE. The two flags may be ORed.
  id | The input identifier whose skeleton will be computed.
  dest | The output identifier, to receive the skeleton string.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check.

Returns
  A reference to the destination (skeleton) string.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_getSkeletonUTF8 | ( | const USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | uint32_t | type,
|  | const char * | id,
|  | int32_t | length,
|  | char * | dest,
|  | int32_t | destCapacity,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Get the "skeleton" for an identifier.

Skeletons are a transformation of the input identifier; Two identifiers are confusable if their skeletons are identical. See Unicode UAX #39 for additional information.

Using skeletons directly makes it possible to quickly check whether an identifier is confusable with any of some large set of existing identifiers, by creating an efficiently searchable collection of the skeletons.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  type | The type of skeleton, corresponding to which of the Unicode confusable data tables to use. The default is Mixed-Script, Lowercase. Allowed options are USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE and USPOOF_ANY_CASE. The two flags may be ORed.
  id | The UTF-8 format identifier whose skeleton will be computed.
  length | The length of the input string, in bytes, or -1 if the string is zero terminated.
  dest | The output buffer, to receive the skeleton string.
  destCapacity | The length of the output buffer, in bytes. The destCapacity may be zero, in which case the function will return the actual length of the skeleton.
  status | The error code, set if an error occurred while attempting to perform the check. Possible Errors include U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND for invalid UTF-8 sequences, and U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR if the destination buffer is too small to hold the complete skeleton.

Returns
  The length of the skeleton string, in bytes. The returned length is always that of the complete skeleton, even when the supplied buffer is too small (or of zero length)

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

USpoofChecker* uspoof_open | ( | UErrorCode * | status | ) |

Create a Unicode Spoof Checker, configured to perform all checks except for USPOOF_LOCALE_LIMIT and USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT.

Note that additional checks may be added in the future, resulting in the changes to the default checking behavior.

Parameters

  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Returns
  the newly created Spoof Checker

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

USpoofChecker* uspoof_openFromSerialized | ( | const void * | data,
|  | int32_t | length,
|  | int32_t * | pActualLength,
|  | UErrorCode * | pErrorCode
| ) |  |

Open a Spoof checker from its serialized form, stored in 32-bit-aligned memory.

Inverse of uspoof_serialize(). The memory containing the serialized data must remain valid and unchanged as long as the spoof checker, or any cloned copies of the spoof checker, are in use. Ownership of the memory remains with the caller. The spoof checker (and any clones) must be closed prior to deleting the serialized data.

Parameters

  data | a pointer to 32-bit-aligned memory containing the serialized form of spoof data
  length | the number of bytes available at data; can be more than necessary
  pActualLength | receives the actual number of bytes at data taken up by the data; can be NULL
  pErrorCode | ICU error code

Returns
  the spoof checker.

See also
  uspoof_open
  uspoof_serialize

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

USpoofChecker* uspoof_openFromSource | ( | const char * | confusables,
|  | int32_t | confusablesLen,
|  | const char * | confusablesWholeScript,
|  | int32_t | confusablesWholeScriptLen,
|  | int32_t * | errType,
|  | UParseError * | pe,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Open a Spoof Checker from the source form of the spoof data.

The two inputs correspond to the Unicode data files confusables.txt and confusablesWholeScript.txt as described in Unicode UAX #39. The syntax of the source data is as described in UAX #39 for these files, and the content of these files is acceptable input.

The character encoding of the (char *) input text is UTF-8.

Parameters

  confusables | a pointer to the confusable characters definitions, as found in file confusables.txt from unicode.org.
  confusablesLen | The length of the confusables text, or -1 if the input string is zero terminated.
  confusablesWholeScript | a pointer to the whole script confusables definitions, as found in the file confusablesWholeScript.txt from unicode.org.
  confusablesWholeScriptLen | The length of the whole script confusables text, or -1 if the input string is zero terminated.
  errType | In the event of an error in the input, indicates which of the input files contains the error. The value is one of USPOOF_SINGLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE or USPOOF_WHOLE_SCRIPT_CONFUSABLE, or zero if no errors are found.
  pe | In the event of an error in the input, receives the position in the input text (line, offset) of the error.
  status | an in/out ICU UErrorCode. Among the possible errors is U_PARSE_ERROR, which is used to report syntax errors in the input.

Returns
  A spoof checker that uses the rules from the input files.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

int32_t uspoof_serialize | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | void * | data,
|  | int32_t | capacity,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Serialize the data for a spoof detector into a chunk of memory.

The flattened spoof detection tables can later be used to efficiently instantiate a new Spoof Detector.

The serialized spoof checker includes only the data compiled from the Unicode data tables by uspoof_openFromSource(); it does not include include any other state or configuration that may have been set.

Parameters

  sc | the Spoof Detector whose data is to be serialized.
  data | a pointer to 32-bit-aligned memory to be filled with the data, can be NULL if capacity==0
  capacity | the number of bytes available at data, or 0 for preflighting
  status | an in/out ICU UErrorCode; possible errors include: U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR if the data storage block is too small for serialization U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR the data or capacity parameters are bad

Returns
  the number of bytes written or needed for the spoof data

See also
  utrie2_openFromSerialized()

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_setAllowedChars | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const USet * | chars,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Limit the acceptable characters to those specified by a Unicode Set.

Any previously specified character limit is is replaced by the new settings. This includes limits on characters that were set with the uspoof_setAllowedLocales() function.

The USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT test is automatically enabled for this USpoofChecker by this function.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  chars | A Unicode Set containing the list of characters that are permitted. Ownership of the set remains with the caller. The incoming set is cloned by this function, so there are no restrictions on modifying or deleting the USet after calling this function.
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_setAllowedLocales | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const char * | localesList,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Limit characters that are acceptable in identifiers being checked to those normally used with the languages associated with the specified locales.

Any previously specified list of locales is replaced by the new settings.

A set of languages is determined from the locale(s), and from those a set of acceptable Unicode scripts is determined. Characters from this set of scripts, along with characters from the "common" and "inherited" Unicode Script categories will be permitted.

Supplying an empty string removes all restrictions; characters from any script will be allowed.

The USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT test is automatically enabled for this USpoofChecker when calling this function with a non-empty list of locales.

The Unicode Set of characters that will be allowed is accessible via the uspoof_getAllowedChars() function. uspoof_setAllowedLocales() will replace any previously applied set of allowed characters.

Adjustments, such as additions or deletions of certain classes of characters, can be made to the result of uspoof_setAllowedLocales() by fetching the resulting set with uspoof_getAllowedChars(), manipulating it with the Unicode Set API, then resetting the spoof detectors limits with uspoof_setAllowedChars()

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  localesList | A list list of locales, from which the language and associated script are extracted. The locales are comma-separated if there is more than one. White space may not appear within an individual locale, but is ignored otherwise. The locales are syntactically like those from the HTTP Accept-Language header. If the localesList is empty, no restrictions will be placed on the allowed characters.
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_setAllowedUnicodeSet | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | const icu::UnicodeSet * | chars,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Limit the acceptable characters to those specified by a Unicode Set.

Any previously specified character limit is is replaced by the new settings. This includes limits on characters that were set with the uspoof_setAllowedLocales() function.

The USPOOF_CHAR_LIMIT test is automatically enabled for this USoofChecker by this function.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  chars | A Unicode Set containing the list of characters that are permitted. Ownership of the set remains with the caller. The incoming set is cloned by this function, so there are no restrictions on modifying or deleting the UnicodeSet after calling this function.
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_setChecks | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | int32_t | checks,
|  | UErrorCode * | status
| ) |  |

Specify the set of checks that will be performed by the check functions of this Spoof Checker.

Parameters

  sc | The USpoofChecker
  checks | The set of checks that this spoof checker will perform. The value is a bit set, obtained by OR-ing together values from enum USpoofChecks.
  status | The error code, set if this function encounters a problem.

Stable:
  ICU 4.2

void uspoof_setRestrictionLevel | ( | USpoofChecker * | sc,
|  | URestrictionLevel | restrictionLevel
| ) |  |

Set the loosest restriction level allowed.

The default if this function is not called is HIGHLY_RESTRICTIVE. Calling this function also enables the RESTRICTION_LEVEL check.

Parameters

  restrictionLevel | The loosest restriction level allowed.

See also
  URestrictionLevel

Stable:
  ICU 51